What alternative name is used for an independent variable?

An independent variable is often referred to as a predictor variable. This terminology is particularly relevant in research contexts where the independent variable is used to forecast or predict changes in a dependent variable. In experimental designs, the independent variable is manipulated by the researcher to observe the effect on the dependent variable, which is the outcome of interest. This relationship is foundational in establishing causality in research studies.

Understanding the role of the independent variable as a predictor is essential for analyzing data and interpreting research findings, as it informs researchers about how changes in this variable can influence responses in the study. In contrast, the other terms in the choices represent different concepts within research methodology, such as the outcome variable (which is synonymous with the dependent variable), the dependent variable itself, and demographic variables, which refer to characteristics of the sample population rather than specific variables being tested within the study's framework.