What is indicated by a negative correlation?

A negative correlation is an important statistical concept that describes the relationship between two variables. Specifically, it indicates that as one variable increases, the other variable tends to decrease, and vice versa. This relationship suggests an inverse relationship between the two variables, meaning they move in opposite directions. For example, if the level of stress increases, the level of sleep quality may decrease. This kind of relationship is critical in many social work research scenarios, where understanding the dynamics between different factors (like mental health and social support) can inform effective interventions.

The other choices do not accurately describe this kind of correlation. The first choice implies a positive correlation, where both variables move in the same direction. The second choice suggests that one variable's changes do not affect the other, which does not capture the essence of a negative correlation. Lastly, the fourth option implies a complete lack of relationship, which is not the case when discussing negative correlation. Therefore, the third statement is the clearest and most accurate description of a negative correlation.