What is the first step in the quantitative research process?

In the quantitative research process, the initial step is to identify the problem that the research will address. This step involves defining a specific issue or area of concern that warrants investigation and is often influenced by observations, prior research findings, or gaps in existing knowledge. Problem identification sets the foundation for the entire research process, guiding the formulation of research questions, the design of the study, and the methods of data collection.

Once the problem is clearly articulated, researchers can proceed to formulate a research question that focuses the investigation on a measurable hypothesis. Following this, a literature review is typically conducted to contextualize the problem within existing research, which informs the development of the methodology and ensures that the study builds on and contributes to existing knowledge. Finally, data collection occurs only after the problem and research questions have been clearly defined and studied through the literature.

Overall, beginning with a well-defined problem ensures that the subsequent steps in the research process are relevant and focused, making problem identification a crucial first step in quantitative research.