What is the focus of explanatory studies in social research?

Explanatory studies in social research are designed to understand the relationships among variables, aiming to explain why and how certain phenomena occur. This type of research moves beyond mere description by investigating the causal relationships and underlying mechanisms that connect different variables. For instance, an explanatory study might explore how socioeconomic status influences mental health outcomes, seeking to identify and explain the factors that mediate this relationship.

While describing experiences, defining variables, or exploring new phenomena are important aspects of social research, they do not capture the primary objective of explanatory studies. Rather, those activities are more aligned with descriptive studies, qualitative definitions, or exploratory research, respectively. By focusing on the relationships among variables, explanatory studies contribute to the development of theories and improve understanding of complex social issues.