What type of data is typically involved in quantitative research?

Quantitative research primarily involves the collection and analysis of statistical and numerical data. This type of data allows researchers to measure variables, identify relationships, and analyze trends by employing mathematical and statistical techniques. Quantitative methods enable researchers to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors, or other defined variables, and to generalize findings from a larger sample population.

For instance, in a study assessing the effectiveness of a social work intervention, researchers might collect numerical data through surveys or tests that yield scores. This numerical data can then be analyzed using statistical software to determine the significance of the intervention's impact.

Other types of data mentioned, such as textual and narrative data or descriptive and interpretative data, are more aligned with qualitative research, which focuses on understanding human experiences, thoughts, and emotions through words and stories. Similarly, visual and artistic data typically fall outside the realm of quantitative research, as they emphasize subjective interpretation and representation rather than statistical measurements. Thus, the focus on statistical and numerical data is what distinctly characterizes quantitative research.