Which ethical principle requires researchers to avoid harm to participants?

The principle that requires researchers to avoid harm to participants is nonmaleficence. This principle is rooted in the ethical obligation to do no harm, which underscores the responsibility of researchers to ensure that their work does not result in physical, psychological, or social harm to individuals involved in their studies.

When conducting research, especially in social work, it is crucial to consider the potential impact on participants and families. By adhering to nonmaleficence, researchers actively seek to minimize risks and safeguard the well-being of those they study. This principle is vital not only to protect individuals but also to maintain trust in the research process and ensure ethical standards are upheld within the field.

In the context of research ethics, while beneficence also focuses on doing good and promoting the welfare of participants, nonmaleficence specifically emphasizes the avoidance of harm. Justice and autonomy pertain to fairness in research practices and the respect for individuals' rights and choices, but they do not directly address the obligation to prevent harm in the same way that nonmaleficence does.